Kuyambira pa 7 mpaka 8 Seputembala, Msonkhano wa Bungwe Lachinayi wa Nthambi ya Hard Alloy ya Tungsten Industry Association, pamodzi ndi Msonkhano wa Hard Alloy Market Report ndi Msonkhano wa 13 wa National Hard Alloy Academic, unachitikira ku Zhuzhou, China motsatizana. Msonkhano woyamba ndi msonkhano wokhazikika womwe umakonzedwa ndi bungwe lapamwamba kwambiri la mafakitale, lomwe limachitika m'mizinda yosiyanasiyana chaka chilichonse (msonkhano wa chaka chatha unachitikira ku Shanghai). Msonkhano wachiwiriwu umachitika zaka zinayi zilizonse ndipo ndi chochitika chofunikira kwambiri chosinthana maphunziro m'munda wa zipangizo zapakhomo. Pamsonkhano uliwonse, akatswiri apamwamba ochokera kumakampani opanga zitsulo zolimba mdziko lonselo, komanso oimira makampani, amabweretsa kafukufuku wawo waposachedwa komanso zomwe awona.
Kuchita chochitika chachikulu chotere ku Zhuzhou sikuti kumangopereka malo oti mabizinesi am'deralo ndi adziko lonse azitha kuganiza mosiyanasiyana, komanso kumagogomezera ndi kulimbitsa udindo wofunika wa Zhuzhou m'makampani amitundu yonse. "Mgwirizano wa Zhuzhou" womwe udapangidwa ndi kunenedwa pa chochitikachi ukupitilizabe kutsogolera zomwe zikuchitika m'makampani ndikutsogolera kupita patsogolo kwa makampani.
Chiyerekezo cha Makampani Olimba a Alloy Chikuoneka ku Zhuzhou
"Pa msonkhano wa 2021, malonda a zinthu zatsopano zamakampani opanga zinthu zolimba padziko lonse lapansi anali ma yuan 9.785 biliyoni, kuwonjezeka kwa chaka ndi chaka kwa 30.3%. Ndalama zokhazikika zomwe zinayikidwa mu chuma zinali ma yuan 1.943 biliyoni, ndipo ndalama zaukadaulo (kafukufuku) zinali ma yuan 1.368 biliyoni, kuwonjezeka kwa chaka ndi chaka kwa 29.69%..." Pa siteji, oimira a Tungsten Industry Association's Hard Alloy Branch adagawana ziwerengero zamakampani ndi kusanthula kwawo. Pagulu la omvera, omwe adapezekapo adajambula zithunzi za mfundo zamtengo wapatalizi ndi mafoni awo a m'manja.
Ziwerengero za deta ya mafakitale olimba ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri pa ntchito ya nthambiyi. Kuyambira pomwe idakhazikitsidwa mu 1984, bungweli lakhala likufalitsa ziwerengerozi kwa zaka 38. Ndi nthambi yokhayo yomwe ili pansi pa China Tungsten Industry Association yomwe ili ndi ndikufalitsa deta yamakampani nthawi zonse.
Nthambi ya Hard Alloy imagwirizana ndi Zhuzhou Hard Alloy Group, ndipo gululi ndi lomwe limagwira ntchito ngati wapampando wa bungweli. Zhuzhou ndi komwe kunapangidwanso hard alloy yoyamba ku New China. Chifukwa cha udindo waukuluwu, "Hard Alloy Industry Index" yakhala "chikwangwani" chodziwika bwino chokhala ndi ulamuliro komanso chidwi cha makampani, zomwe zimakopa mabizinesi ambiri kuti awulule zambiri zawo zogwira ntchito kotala kapena pachaka.
Ziwerengero zikusonyeza kuti mu theka loyamba la chaka cha 2022, kupanga kwa alloy yolimba m'makampani adziko lonse kunafika matani 22,983.89, kuwonjezeka kwa chaka ndi chaka kwa 0.2%. Ndalama zazikulu zomwe bizinesi inapeza zinali 18.753 biliyoni ya yuan, kuwonjezeka kwa chaka ndi chaka kwa 17.52%; phindu linali 1.648 biliyoni ya yuan, kuwonjezeka kwa chaka ndi chaka kwa 22.37%. Makampani akupitilizabe kukhala ndi chitukuko chabwino.
Pakadali pano, makampani opitilira 60 ali okonzeka kuulula zambiri, zomwe zikuphatikizapo pafupifupi 90% ya mphamvu ya makampani azinthu zolimba mdziko muno.
Kuyambira chaka chatha, nthambiyi yasintha ndikuwongolera malipoti a ziwerengero, ndikupanga chitsanzo cholondola, chasayansi, komanso chothandiza cha ziwerengero. Zomwe zili mkati mwake zakhala zambiri, monga kuwonjezera zizindikiro zogawa monga mphamvu zopangira zinthu zamafakitale za tungsten komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu mokwanira.
Kulandira lipoti lonse la "Hard Alloy Industry Index" sikuti kumangopereka chithunzi cholondola cha zinthu zoyambira zamabizinesi akuluakulu, mphamvu zaukadaulo, ndi zatsopano, komanso kumasonyeza bwino momwe makampani akupitira patsogolo. Chidziwitsochi chili ndi phindu lofunika kwambiri popanga njira zotsatizana za njira zopititsira patsogolo makampani. Chifukwa chake, lipotili likulandiridwa kwambiri ndi makampani opanga makampani.
Monga barometer ndi kampasi ya makampani, kutulutsidwa kwa ma index amakampani kapena "mapepala oyera" kuli ndi tanthauzo labwino pakufufuza momwe makampani akupitira patsogolo, kutsogolera kukula kwabwino kwamakampani, ndikulimbikitsa kusintha ndi kukweza.
Kuphatikiza apo, kutanthauzira mozama za zotsatira za index ndi zochitika zatsopano zamakampani, zomwe zimagwira ntchito ngati cholumikizira, zitha kukulitsa kulumikizana ndikupanga njira yolumikizirana yamakampani, zomwe zimakopa kuyanjana kwa ndalama, zida zoyendera, luso, ndi zinthu zina zofunika.
M'magawo ndi madera ambiri, lingaliro ili lawonetsedwa kale bwino.
Mwachitsanzo, mu Epulo chaka chino, Guangzhou Metro inatsogolera kutulutsidwa kwa lipoti loyamba la kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka sitima, lomwe limapereka malangizo a momwe makampaniwa angathandizire pakukula kwa kayendedwe ka sitima pogwiritsa ntchito mpweya wochepa, kosunga chilengedwe, mwachangu, komanso kopambana. M'zaka zaposachedwa, kutengera kuphatikiza kwamphamvu kwa zinthu ndi kuthekera kogwirizanitsa ntchito m'makampani onse, Guangzhou Metro yakhala ndi mphamvu zambiri mumakampani apadziko lonse lapansi.
Chitsanzo china ndi mzinda wa Wenling m'chigawo cha Zhejiang, womwe umadziwika kuti ndi malo odziwika bwino padziko lonse lapansi a zida zodulira komanso komwe kuli mndandanda woyamba wa "First Share of Cutting Tools Trading Center ku China." Wenling yatulutsanso mndandanda woyamba wa zida zodulira dziko lonse, pogwiritsa ntchito ma index pofotokoza ndikuwunika momwe makampani opanga zida zodulira dziko lonse lapansi akupitira patsogolo komanso kusintha kwa mitengo ya zinthu, zomwe zikuwonetsa bwino momwe makampani opanga zida zodulira m'dziko muno akupitira patsogolo.
"Hard Alloy Industry Index," yopangidwa ku Zhuzhou ndipo ikuyang'ana dziko lonse, ikhoza kufalitsidwa m'njira yokulirapo mtsogolo. "Ikhoza kufalikira mbali iyi mtsogolo; iyi ndi yomwe makampani akufuna komanso zomwe zikuchitika. Komabe, pakadali pano ikufalitsidwa mkati mwa makampani ochepa okha," adatero woimira amene watchulidwa pamwambapa.
Sikuti ma index okha komanso miyezo. Kuyambira 2021 mpaka 2022, nthambiyi, mogwirizana ndi China Tungsten Industry Association, idamaliza ndikufalitsa miyezo isanu ndi umodzi yadziko lonse ndi yamakampani ya ma alloy olimba. Miyezo isanu ndi itatu yadziko lonse ndi yamakampani ikuwunikidwanso kapena ikuyembekezera kufalitsidwa, pomwe miyezo khumi ndi itatu yadziko lonse ndi yamakampani yaperekedwa. Pakati pa izi pali cholembedwa chachikulu cha nthambi cha "Malire Ogwiritsa Ntchito Mphamvu ndi Njira Zowerengera Zinthu Zolimba za Alloy." Pakadali pano, muyezo uwu ukulengezedwa kuti ndi muyezo wakomweko wachigawo ndipo ukuyembekezeka kugwiritsidwa ntchito pa mulingo wadziko lonse chaka chamawa.
Kugwiritsa Ntchito Mwayi Wosamutsa Mphamvu Padziko Lonse
Kwa masiku awiri, akatswiri ochokera m'mabungwe ofufuza, mabungwe, ndi mabizinesi, monga Zhongnan University, China University of Mining and Technology, Sichuan University, National Tungsten and Rare Earth Product Quality Inspection and Testing Center, Xiamen Tungsten Co., Ltd., ndi Zigong Hard Alloy Co., Ltd., adagawana malingaliro awo ndi zomwe akuyembekezera mtsogolo mwa makampaniwa.
Su Gang, Mlembi Wamkulu wa bungwe la China Tungsten Industry Association, adanena pa nthawi yomwe adapereka nkhaniyi kuti pamene kukonza ndi kupanga kwa tungsten padziko lonse lapansi kukuyambiranso pang'onopang'ono, kufunikira kwa zinthu zopangira tungsten kudzakhalabe kwakukulu. Pakadali pano, China ndi dziko lokhalo lomwe lili ndi unyolo wathunthu wa mafakitale a tungsten, wokhala ndi mwayi wopikisana padziko lonse lapansi pakukumba, kusankha, ndi kuyeretsa, ndipo ikupita patsogolo pakupanga zinthu zapamwamba, kupita ku kupanga zinthu zamakono zapamwamba. "Nthawi ya '14th Five-Year Plan' idzakhala gawo lofunika kwambiri pakusintha kwa makampani a tungsten aku China kupita ku chitukuko chapamwamba."
Zhang Zhongjian wakhala Wapampando wa China Tungsten Industry Association's Hard Alloy Branch kwa nthawi yayitali ndipo pakadali pano ndi Wapampando Wamkulu wa Zhuzhou Hard Alloy Industry Association komanso pulofesa wodziwika bwino ku Hunan University of Technology. Ali ndi chidziwitso chakuya komanso cha nthawi yayitali pamakampaniwa. Kuchokera ku deta yake yogawana, zitha kuwoneka kuti kupanga ma alloy olimba mdziko lonse kwakula kuchoka pa matani 16,000 mu 2005 kufika pa matani 52,000 mu 2021, kuwonjezeka kwa 3.3, komwe kumabweretsa zoposa 50% ya ndalama zonse padziko lonse lapansi. Ndalama zonse zogwirira ntchito za ma alloy olimba zakwera kuchoka pa 8.6 biliyoni yuan mu 2005 kufika pa 34.6 biliyoni yuan mu 2021, kuwonjezeka kanayi; kugwiritsidwa ntchito pamsika wamakina opangira makina aku China kwakwera kuchoka pa 13.7 biliyoni yuan mu
Nthawi yotumizira: Feb-01-2020
